According to Cunniff, there are a wide range of pollutants that can cause your home’s air quality to deteriorate dramatically.

One such pollutant is particulate matter (PM), which, Cunniff explains, “consists of tiny particles such as dust, smoke and allergens that can remain in the breathing zone in the air.” She adds that common allergens and triggers found in the home, such as dust mites, pet dander, candle or tobacco smoke, can also negatively impact indoor air quality.

“Another known contributor to poor indoor air quality is volatile organic compounds (VOCs), which are chemicals released into the air by various products and activities,” Cunniff says. “Building materials installation, flooring, paint, and even cooking can release VOCs, so it’s important to consciously choose low-VOC products.”

Dr. Anisha Arora, a pulmonary intensivist at Memorial Hermann in Houston, Texas, notes that some causes may be more unexpected.

“For example, woodwork or ceramics, and allergens from pet bird feces, which can get into someone’s lungs when they are constantly around the allergen while cleaning the birdcage,” Arora shares.

Arora says that good ventilation, regularly changing air conditioner filters and investing in a portable air filter can help improve indoor air quality.

“I would also recommend checking the house for dampness or dampness as mold can be present and this can lead to lung problems in many people,” she adds. “Good respiratory hygiene will also include regularly cleaning your environment and removing dust.”